Sustainable Agriculture and Technology Integration: Assessing the Impact of IoT and AI on Crop Yield and Resource Efficiency

Abstract

This study examines the role of Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies in advancing sustainable agriculture, with a specific focus on improving crop yield and resource efficiency. Through a qualitative approach utilizing literature review and library research, this study analyzes recent findings on the integration of IoT and AI in agricultural practices. The research explores how IoT devices, such as soil sensors, climate monitoring systems, and automated irrigation, combined with AI-driven data analysis, can provide actionable insights for farmers to optimize crop growth conditions, reduce resource use, and increase productivity. Findings indicate that IoT and AI technologies enhance real-time decision-making, improve resource allocation, and support sustainable water and nutrient management, which collectively contribute to better yield outcomes and environmental sustainability. However, challenges related to cost, data privacy, and the need for infrastructure in rural areas persist, limiting widespread adoption in certain regions. This study highlights the transformative potential of IoT and AI in agricultural sustainability and presents recommendations for stakeholders, including policymakers, technology developers, and agriculturalists, to support the integration of these technologies. By synthesizing current research, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of the benefits and limitations of IoT and AI, offering insights into future directions for sustainable agricultural practices.