Gender-Responsive Budgeting in Public Finance: Evaluating Economic Outcomes and Policy Effectiveness

Abstract

Gender-responsive budgeting (GRB) has emerged as a critical approach in public finance aimed at addressing gender inequalities by integrating gender perspectives into the allocation of public resources. This paper employs a qualitative methodology, specifically a literature review and library research, to evaluate the economic outcomes and policy effectiveness of GRB across various countries. The study synthesizes existing literature to understand how GRB initiatives have impacted fiscal policies and gender equity. Through an examination of global case studies, the research highlights the successes and challenges of implementing GRB, noting that while some countries have made significant progress in closing gender gaps, others face structural barriers that limit the effectiveness of GRB policies. The findings reveal that successful GRB requires not only political will and institutional support but also a deep integration of gender analysis into budget planning processes. Furthermore, the research identifies key factors contributing to policy effectiveness, such as transparency, stakeholder engagement, and continuous monitoring and evaluation. Despite its potential, the study concludes that GRB is still underutilized in many parts of the world, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, where resources and capacities for gender-based analysis in public finance are often limited. The paper underscores the need for stronger international collaboration and capacity-building efforts to ensure that GRB fulfills its promise of promoting both gender equity and economic development. practices, benefiting both the elderly and their caregivers. These insights contribute to the broader discourse on how societies can adapt to the growing demands of an aging population.