Sumuna (Microhiroptera) As A Media For Cultural Tradition, Study Of Sumuna Philosophy In Contextual With A Mission On The Korowai Tribe

Abstract

This study explores the philosophical significance of Sumuna, a species of Microchiroptera (bats), as a cultural symbol within the Korowai tribe of Papua, Indonesia. The Korowai, known for their deep connection to nature and traditional customs, regard Sumuna as an important figure within their cultural and spiritual practices. By examining the role of Sumuna in Korowai mythology, rituals, and daily life, this research aims to uncover how the symbolism of the bat is integrated into the tribe's worldview and social structure. Using an ethnographic approach, the study combines interviews with Korowai elders, field observations, and the analysis of traditional narratives to understand the contextual philosophy of Sumuna. The findings reveal that Sumuna is not merely a biological species but serves as a spiritual guide, believed to be a messenger between the physical and spiritual worlds. This symbolic role is deeply embedded in the tribe’s cultural traditions, influencing their views on life, death, and nature. The bat’s nocturnal nature and echolocation abilities are perceived as metaphors for wisdom, guidance, and protection. Moreover, the study explores how the philosophical concept of Sumuna aligns with broader missions of cultural preservation and education within the Korowai community. The bat's role as a cultural medium promotes the transmission of traditional knowledge to younger generations, ensuring the continuity of Korowai identity. However, external pressures such as modernization pose challenges to maintaining these traditions. This research concludes that understanding and preserving the philosophy of Sumuna is crucial for safeguarding the cultural heritage of the Korowai people.